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Dobro ste primijetili kako se na imalo većoj brodici sve češće mogu vidjeti solarni paneli. Razlog tome vjerojatno leži u činjenici da se u veća plovila ukrcava i više električnih instrumenata i opreme, odnosno sve više potrošača električne energije, što brodskih, što individualnih.

Istodobno, na brodici dužine desetak metara već se može pronaći dovoljno pozicija za ugradnju jednog ili više panela koji neće smetati i remetiti komod posadi, a niti biti zaklonjeni nekom drugom opremom.

Zašto je to važno? Svaki solarni panel ima nekakvu nazivnu snagu, definiranu umnoškom struje i napona. Sastoji se od jednog ili više modula, a svaki modul od serijski spojenih ćelija koje tako stvarju zbirni napon. Međutim, kada je samo neka ćelija prekrivena, tada ni cijeli njen modul ne puni, jer premda na izlazu daje nominirani napon, tada je jakost struje vrlo niska, pa je izlazna snaga nikakva.

Ideali i stvarnost

Treba znati i to da se naznačena snaga punjenja odnosi na idealne uvjete, kada je panel postavljen okomito na sunčeve zrake. Toga na brodu nema, već se kompromisno postavlja u vodoravan položaj, pa je u praksi i realno dobivena struja za 40-60 posto manja od deklarirane.

Naizgled malo, ali kada se pomnoži s brojem sunčanih sati, dnevna količina proizvedene energije je vrlo pristojna. Koliko je ovakav način punjenja baterija nekome neophodan, svatko mora procijeniti sam, a sve ovisi o navikama i načinu korištenja broda.

Kao što pazite na količine goriva i pitke vode u tankovima ili na zalihe hrane i pića, normalno bi bilo voditi računa i o raspoloživoj količini električne energije, a najkvalitetnije rješenje je imati višak energije, odnosno akumulatore dovoljnog kapaciteta.

Kod ove računice valja znati da će klasični akumulator s tekućim elektrolitom trajati dulje ako se ne troši ispod 50 posto njegova kapaciteta, dok AGM i GEL akumulatori podnose duboka pražnjenja i imaju duži vijek trajanja, ali su i dosta skuplji. Potencijalna potrošnja trebala bi biti unutar spomenutih gabarita, a potrošenu energije treba nekako nadoknaditi.

Nekima je za to dovoljno samo par sati rada motora, a toliko i inače dnevno preplove, drugi preferiraju češće vezivanje u marinama ili privezištima s priključkom na vanjsko napajanje, a neki su opet problem dopune električne energije riješili ugradnjom agregata. Jedno od rješenja je i ugradnja solarnog panela, naročito onima koji žele veću autonomiju i višednevni boravak izvan organiziranih privezišta.

Konkretna računica

Koliki je panel potrebno ugraditi ovisi o potrošku struje i slobodnom prostoru za ugradnju. Generalno se izračuna potencijalna dnevna potrošnja i prema tome odabere panel veće snage, vodeći računa kako je njegova iskoristivost prosječno 40-60 posto.

Dosta se može postići i štedljivijim potrošačima, ugradnjom LED rasvjete, LCD televizora na 12V ili dobrom izolacijom hladnjaka, ali i boljom koncentracijom na potrošnju (primjerice, iskapčanjem invertera kada nije u funkciji, jer već sam troši struju i bez uključenog potrošača).

Ako procijenite da vam je ova investicija potrebna, tada njena isplativost uopće nije upitna, jer proizvođači daju garanciju od 25 godina, pa se uloženo isplati mnogo ranije.

Svoja pitanja vezana uz morsku tematiku pošaljite na adresu: Otvoreno more, Slobodna Dalmacija, Hrvatske mornarice 4, 21000 Split ili na e-mail adresu: otvoreno-more@slobodnadalmacija.hr

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Čitajte sve o jedrenju, đitama po Jadranu, brodovima na struju, brodskim motorima i popravku broda. Učimo vas kako održavati brod. 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Dobro ste primijetili kako se na imalo većoj brodici sve češće mogu vidjeti solarni paneli. Razlog tome vjerojatno leži u činjenici da se u veća plovila ukrcava i više električnih instrumenata i opreme, odnosno sve više potrošača električne energije, što brodskih, što individualnih.

Istodobno, na brodici dužine desetak metara već se može pronaći dovoljno pozicija za ugradnju jednog ili više panela koji neće smetati i remetiti komod posadi, a niti biti zaklonjeni nekom drugom opremom.

Zašto je to važno? Svaki solarni panel ima nekakvu nazivnu snagu, definiranu umnoškom struje i napona. Sastoji se od jednog ili više modula, a svaki modul od serijski spojenih ćelija koje tako stvarju zbirni napon. Međutim, kada je samo neka ćelija prekrivena, tada ni cijeli njen modul ne puni, jer premda na izlazu daje nominirani napon, tada je jakost struje vrlo niska, pa je izlazna snaga nikakva.

Ideali i stvarnost

Treba znati i to da se naznačena snaga punjenja odnosi na idealne uvjete, kada je panel postavljen okomito na sunčeve zrake. Toga na brodu nema, već se kompromisno postavlja u vodoravan položaj, pa je u praksi i realno dobivena struja za 40-60 posto manja od deklarirane.

Naizgled malo, ali kada se pomnoži s brojem sunčanih sati, dnevna količina proizvedene energije je vrlo pristojna. Koliko je ovakav način punjenja baterija nekome neophodan, svatko mora procijeniti sam, a sve ovisi o navikama i načinu korištenja broda.

Kao što pazite na količine goriva i pitke vode u tankovima ili na zalihe hrane i pića, normalno bi bilo voditi računa i o raspoloživoj količini električne energije, a najkvalitetnije rješenje je imati višak energije, odnosno akumulatore dovoljnog kapaciteta.

Kod ove računice valja znati da će klasični akumulator s tekućim elektrolitom trajati dulje ako se ne troši ispod 50 posto njegova kapaciteta, dok AGM i GEL akumulatori podnose duboka pražnjenja i imaju duži vijek trajanja, ali su i dosta skuplji. Potencijalna potrošnja trebala bi biti unutar spomenutih gabarita, a potrošenu energije treba nekako nadoknaditi.

Nekima je za to dovoljno samo par sati rada motora, a toliko i inače dnevno preplove, drugi preferiraju češće vezivanje u marinama ili privezištima s priključkom na vanjsko napajanje, a neki su opet problem dopune električne energije riješili ugradnjom agregata. Jedno od rješenja je i ugradnja solarnog panela, naročito onima koji žele veću autonomiju i višednevni boravak izvan organiziranih privezišta.

Konkretna računica

Koliki je panel potrebno ugraditi ovisi o potrošku struje i slobodnom prostoru za ugradnju. Generalno se izračuna potencijalna dnevna potrošnja i prema tome odabere panel veće snage, vodeći računa kako je njegova iskoristivost prosječno 40-60 posto.

Dosta se može postići i štedljivijim potrošačima, ugradnjom LED rasvjete, LCD televizora na 12V ili dobrom izolacijom hladnjaka, ali i boljom koncentracijom na potrošnju (primjerice, iskapčanjem invertera kada nije u funkciji, jer već sam troši struju i bez uključenog potrošača).

Ako procijenite da vam je ova investicija potrebna, tada njena isplativost uopće nije upitna, jer proizvođači daju garanciju od 25 godina, pa se uloženo isplati mnogo ranije.

Svoja pitanja vezana uz morsku tematiku pošaljite na adresu: Otvoreno more, Slobodna Dalmacija, Hrvatske mornarice 4, 21000 Split ili na e-mail adresu: otvoreno-more@slobodnadalmacija.hr

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StoryEditorOCM

Ideali i stvarnostZanima vas trebate li na brod ugraditi solarne panele? Za odluku je ključna potrošnja

Piše Damir Višić, sudski vještak za nautiku
23. rujna 2021. - 07:48

Dobro ste primijetili kako se na imalo većoj brodici sve češće mogu vidjeti solarni paneli. Razlog tome vjerojatno leži u činjenici da se u veća plovila ukrcava i više električnih instrumenata i opreme, odnosno sve više potrošača električne energije, što brodskih, što individualnih.

Istodobno, na brodici dužine desetak metara već se može pronaći dovoljno pozicija za ugradnju jednog ili više panela koji neće smetati i remetiti komod posadi, a niti biti zaklonjeni nekom drugom opremom.

Zašto je to važno? Svaki solarni panel ima nekakvu nazivnu snagu, definiranu umnoškom struje i napona. Sastoji se od jednog ili više modula, a svaki modul od serijski spojenih ćelija koje tako stvarju zbirni napon. Međutim, kada je samo neka ćelija prekrivena, tada ni cijeli njen modul ne...

12. svibanj 2024 06:36