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[title] => Izlaze na vidjelo tajne mljetskog podmorja: ribnjak kasnoantičke vile u Polačama bio je statusni simbol, ali i izvor hrane
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Već petnaestu godinu Odjel za podvodnu arheologiju Hrvatskog restauratorskog zavoda provodi arheološka istraživanja u podmorju otoka Mljeta. Dosad su pregledali više od 50 kilometara obalne linije otoka i otkrili 20 novih nalazišta brodoloma u razdoblju od 2. st pr. Krista do 16. st. te 16 brodoloma iz vremena kasnoantičke palače u mjestu i uvali Polače, piše Dubrovački vjesnik.
---
---
Pomogle mamut-sisaljke
Skoro svi brodolomi otkriveni su na ulazu u tu uvalu i govore o izazovnoj i opasnoj plovidbi, ali i važnosti palače za trgovinu i popravke brodova, te opskrbe vodom i hranom za nastavak plovidbe. Istina je da su brodovi i mornari doživjeli nesretnu sudbinu, ali su brojni brodovi pronašli spas u uvali Polače, a premda je većina brodoloma devastirana, nekoliko netaknutih detaljno je istraženo.
No, ovog je ljeta arheologe privuklo morsko ‘predvorje’ mljetske palače, što je posljednji put 1970-ih istraživao sad pokojni prof. Zdenko Brusić. Zabilježio je potopljenu antičku obalu i napravio arheološku sondu koja je dala mnoštvo vrijednog arheološkog materijala o životu palače:
---
---
- Lani smo otkrili kasnoantički ribnjak nešto sjevernije od same palače, a ove godine započeli s iskopom i dokumentacijom. Vanjske su dimenzije ribnjaka 20x20 a unutarnje 14x14 metara. Uz uporabu mamut-sisaljke koje podvodnim arheolozima pomaže kod iskopa od pijeska i mulja je očišćena unutarnja strana ribnjaka, a za dokumentaciju su korišteni dron i fotogrametrija. Fotografije drona rađene su u GIS-geografskom informacijskom sustavu, a fotogrametrijom 3D-model. Tako je postignuta velika točnost i arheolozima omogućeno lakše uočavanje detalje. Otkriveno je da su temelji ribnjaka izgrađeni od većih nepravilnih blokova kamenja, ali zbog erozije i utjecaja mora danas nedostaje gornji dio ribnjaka koji je na istoj dubini kao i potopljena obala, također građena od velikih blokova na strani do mora dok je unutrašnja strana zapunjena manjim kamenom - ističe voditelj istraživanja i Odjela za podvodnu arheologiju HRZ dr.sc. Igor Miholjek.
Pomoć njemačkih kolega
- Kako je na istoj dubini, zasad se pretpostavlja da je iz istog razdoblja, no daljnja će iskopavanja to potvrditi ili opovrgnuti. Nastavak istraživanja je idućeg proljeće, ali vjerojatno kao međunarodni projekt. U podmorju palače planiramo nastavak istraživanja s kolegama Njemačkog društva za promicanje podvodne arheologije DEGUWA, pa će rezultati imati još veći znanstveni odjek i valorizaciju. Zajedno ćemo bolje raditi a ova veličanstvena palača i njena potopljena arhitektura zaslužuju kvalitetan pristup - kaže sugovornik.
---
---
Iznos od 300 tisuća kuna za ovoljetna istraživanja osiguralo je Ministarstvo kulture i medija. Sudjelovali su i arheolozi iz HRZ Vesna Zmaić, Anton Divić i Pavle Dugonjić te Sara Popović koja je interpretirala zračne fotografije. Doprinos su dali i fotograf Jerko Macura, student Deni Demetlika, ronioci Specijalne Policije MUP RH Kristijan Tahler i Zvonko Kurinović, a logistiku su ponovno pružili Mario Orlandini i Ronilački centar Aquatica Mljet.
---
Izvor hrane i statusni simbol
-Od kasnoantičkog se razdoblja razina mora uzdigla se u prosjeku metar i pol ali ne jednako duž obale Jadrana, što ovisi o samoj uvali i sedimentaciji. Geološki se može reći da hrvatska strana Jadrana tone a talijanska se uzdiže, što je razlog da je arhitektura danas pod morem- kaže Miholjek. Dodaje kako će se lokalitet do nastavka istraživanja nadzirati:
- U ribnjaku još nije nađeno ništa posebno ali nije isključeno iako to nisu bazen ili terme za kupanje ukrašavani mozaikom. No, svaka je velika vila imala ribnjak kao izvor prehrane, zalihu freške ribe i statusni simbol.
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I u anti\u010dko doba uzgajala se riba<\/p>","
Pogled iz zraka na kasnoanti\u010dki ribnjak\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>","
Arheolozi dokumentiraju iskopine<\/p>","
\u010ci\u0161\u0107enje kamenih temelja kasnoanti\u010dkog ribnjaka mamut-sisaljkama<\/p>","
O\u010di\u0161\u0107eni temelji kasnoanti\u010dkog ribnjaka<\/p>","
Podmorski iskop mamut-sisaljkom<\/p>","
Pogled iz zraka na kasnoanti\u010dki ribnjak i obalu<\/p>","
Kasnoanti\u010dka pala\u010da u Pola\u010dama i danas potopljeni obala i ribnjak<\/p>","
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I u antičko doba uzgajala se riba
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Već petnaestu godinu Odjel za podvodnu arheologiju Hrvatskog restauratorskog zavoda provodi arheološka istraživanja u podmorju otoka Mljeta. Dosad su pregledali više od 50 kilometara obalne linije otoka i otkrili 20 novih nalazišta brodoloma u razdoblju od 2. st pr. Krista do 16. st. te 16 brodoloma iz vremena kasnoantičke palače u mjestu i uvali Polače, piše Dubrovački vjesnik.
---
---
Pomogle mamut-sisaljke
Skoro svi brodolomi otkriveni su na ulazu u tu uvalu i govore o izazovnoj i opasnoj plovidbi, ali i važnosti palače za trgovinu i popravke brodova, te opskrbe vodom i hranom za nastavak plovidbe. Istina je da su brodovi i mornari doživjeli nesretnu sudbinu, ali su brojni brodovi pronašli spas u uvali Polače, a premda je većina brodoloma devastirana, nekoliko netaknutih detaljno je istraženo.
No, ovog je ljeta arheologe privuklo morsko ‘predvorje’ mljetske palače, što je posljednji put 1970-ih istraživao sad pokojni prof. Zdenko Brusić. Zabilježio je potopljenu antičku obalu i napravio arheološku sondu koja je dala mnoštvo vrijednog arheološkog materijala o životu palače:
---
---
- Lani smo otkrili kasnoantički ribnjak nešto sjevernije od same palače, a ove godine započeli s iskopom i dokumentacijom. Vanjske su dimenzije ribnjaka 20x20 a unutarnje 14x14 metara. Uz uporabu mamut-sisaljke koje podvodnim arheolozima pomaže kod iskopa od pijeska i mulja je očišćena unutarnja strana ribnjaka, a za dokumentaciju su korišteni dron i fotogrametrija. Fotografije drona rađene su u GIS-geografskom informacijskom sustavu, a fotogrametrijom 3D-model. Tako je postignuta velika točnost i arheolozima omogućeno lakše uočavanje detalje. Otkriveno je da su temelji ribnjaka izgrađeni od većih nepravilnih blokova kamenja, ali zbog erozije i utjecaja mora danas nedostaje gornji dio ribnjaka koji je na istoj dubini kao i potopljena obala, također građena od velikih blokova na strani do mora dok je unutrašnja strana zapunjena manjim kamenom - ističe voditelj istraživanja i Odjela za podvodnu arheologiju HRZ dr.sc. Igor Miholjek.
Pomoć njemačkih kolega
- Kako je na istoj dubini, zasad se pretpostavlja da je iz istog razdoblja, no daljnja će iskopavanja to potvrditi ili opovrgnuti. Nastavak istraživanja je idućeg proljeće, ali vjerojatno kao međunarodni projekt. U podmorju palače planiramo nastavak istraživanja s kolegama Njemačkog društva za promicanje podvodne arheologije DEGUWA, pa će rezultati imati još veći znanstveni odjek i valorizaciju. Zajedno ćemo bolje raditi a ova veličanstvena palača i njena potopljena arhitektura zaslužuju kvalitetan pristup - kaže sugovornik.
---
---
Iznos od 300 tisuća kuna za ovoljetna istraživanja osiguralo je Ministarstvo kulture i medija. Sudjelovali su i arheolozi iz HRZ Vesna Zmaić, Anton Divić i Pavle Dugonjić te Sara Popović koja je interpretirala zračne fotografije. Doprinos su dali i fotograf Jerko Macura, student Deni Demetlika, ronioci Specijalne Policije MUP RH Kristijan Tahler i Zvonko Kurinović, a logistiku su ponovno pružili Mario Orlandini i Ronilački centar Aquatica Mljet.
---
Izvor hrane i statusni simbol
-Od kasnoantičkog se razdoblja razina mora uzdigla se u prosjeku metar i pol ali ne jednako duž obale Jadrana, što ovisi o samoj uvali i sedimentaciji. Geološki se može reći da hrvatska strana Jadrana tone a talijanska se uzdiže, što je razlog da je arhitektura danas pod morem- kaže Miholjek. Dodaje kako će se lokalitet do nastavka istraživanja nadzirati:
- U ribnjaku još nije nađeno ništa posebno ali nije isključeno iako to nisu bazen ili terme za kupanje ukrašavani mozaikom. No, svaka je velika vila imala ribnjak kao izvor prehrane, zalihu freške ribe i statusni simbol.
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Jerko Macura
Čišćenje kamenih temelja kasnoantičkog ribnjaka mamut-sisaljkama
Sara Popović
Pogled iz zraka na kasnoantički ribnjak i obalu
Sara Popović
Kasnoantička palača u Polačama i danas potopljeni obala i ribnjak
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12. svibanj 2024 00:03
