SD Dojavi Slobodna Dalmacija
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Iako je riječ o vrsti koju je znanost odavno smjestila u tablice kao zasebnu vrstu i dala joj ime zubatac krunaš Dentex Cheimerius gibbosus, Rafinesque, 1810., mnogi ribolovci i dalje imaju problema s prepoznavanjem ove vrste.

Osnovni razlog zbunjenosti koju izaziva je u fizičkom izgledu koji se tijekom sazrijevanja ribe drastično mijenja, zbog čega u mnogim krajevima ima različita imena, sve u zavisnosti od razvojnog stadija u kojem je ulovljena.

Tako tu ribu nazivaju divlji pagar, pagar krunaš, pagar barjaktar, arbun perjaš, zubatac perjaš, perjaš, ama, pa i hama, čime se unosi dodatna zbrka zbog hrvatskog naziva vrste Argyrosomus regius, Asso, 1801.

Posebnu zbrku unosi i takozvana prepisivačka stručna literatura koje srećom ipak nema previše, a koja u priču uvlači i pagra barjaktara.

Riječ je o vrsti Pagrus caeruleostictus , Valenciennes, 1830. koja nastanjuje južni Mediteran, dok je istočnoj obali Jadrana najbliži zabilježeni ulov ove vrste ostvaren na jugu Albanije i to samo jednom

Osim što zubaca krunaša naziva pagrom barjaktarom, takva literatura navodi i da u našem moru postoje dvije vrste pagra – običan pagar i pagar barjaktar, što je naravno, pogrešno.

Mužjaci s krunom

A zbrke uistinu ne bi trebalo biti jer je naprosto riječ o jasno odvojenoj vrsti koju niz fizičkih obilježja odvaja od samo naizgled sličnih vrsta.

Dakle, zubatac krunaš u svojoj juvenilnoj, nedorasloj razvojnoj fazi ima produljene prve šipčice leđne peraje, točnije treću i četvrtu.

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Produžene šipčice leđne peraje su jasno uočljive kod mladih primjeraka
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Te su šipčice izrazito duge, često duže od polovice ukupne duljine tijela.

Tako nedorasli krunaši obitavaju uglavnom u dubokim uvalama s muljevitim dnom koje imaju manje više konstantan priliv slatke vode.

Takva lokacija zapravo i nije toliko njihov izbor koliko posljedica inercije i povoljnih hranidbenih uvjeta.

Naime, odrasli zubaci krunaši za mrijest biraju upravo takva mjesta na kojima se podmladak dugo zadržava, sve dok se postepeno ne spuste na dubinu preko 50 metara gdje provode ostatak svog života.

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Dubinski parangali znaju biti vrlo produktivni u lovu zubaca krunaša
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Obali će prilaziti samo u doba mrijesta krajem ljeta i početkom jeseni, i to rijetko kada pliće od tridesetak metara, dok vrijeme uglavnom provode uz strmine, pećine, olupine kao i uz duboke brakove gdje pronalaze hranu i zaklon.

Zanimljivo je da se vrijeme mrijesta zubaca krunaša poklapa s vremenom jematve, berbe grožđa što je zapravo posljedica klimatski povoljnih uvjeta.

Nedorasli krunaši u dobi od 3,5 do 4 godine života, kada u prosjeku dosegnu šezdesetak centimetara dužine i težinu od 3 do 4 kilograma postaju spolno zreli.

Do tog vremena su rudimentarni hermafroditi, što znači da imaju obilježja oba spola, i ovarije i testise, ali nefunkcionalne.

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Odrasla ženka krunaša
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U tom razdoblju sazrijevanja gube produljene šipčice leđne peraje i odlučuju što će biti, mužjaci ili ženke.

Mužjaci s nekih 4 do 5 kilograma težine dobijaju karakterističnu grbu na čelu, takozvanu krunu po kojoj je vrsta i dobila ime, dok ženke ostaju bez tog ukrasa ili pak sa slabo, jedva naznačenom izbočinom.

Još nekoliko razlika

Osim osnovnog fizičkog izgleda koji jasno upućuje da je riječ o zasebnoj vrsti, zubaca krunaša sa sigurnošću možemo razlikovati od srodnih vrsta i u juvenilnom stadiju po nekoliko karakterističnih fizičkih obilježja.

Zubi su prvi detalj po kojem je jasno da nikako ne može biti riječ o pagru.

Naime, pagar ima i očnjake za lov poput zubaca i kutnjake za drobljenje poput podlanice, dok krunaš ima isključivo očnjake i stožaste karnivorne zube poput zubaca.

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U ustima krunaša nema pločastih zuba za drobljenje
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Pločastih zuba poput onih u podlanice u ustima zubaca krunaša nema.

Nadalje, repna peraja kod zubaca nema nikakvih bijelih tragova.

Kod pagra su oba vrha repne peraje plavičasto bjelkasta dok je kod zubaca krunaša plavičasto bjelkast samo vrh donjeg kraka repne peraje.

Pagar ima jasno omeđeno zatamnjenje s prednje strane glave, poput svojevrsne maske iznad očiju pa sve do usta, dok zubatac krunaš ima zatamnjenje isključivo na kraju škržnog zaklopca i samo djelomično iznad očiju.

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Pagar ima karakterističnu tamnu masku koju krunaš nema
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Uz sve navedene očite razlike, zapravo je teško krunaša proglasiti bilo kojom drugom vrstom, kako u juvenilnom tako i u odraslom stadiju.

A kad ulovite ribu od pedlja i pritom dvojite, je li arbun, pagar, krunaš ili zubatac, odmah je pustite u more.

Kada vam se za godinu dana vrati kao odrasla riba, takvih dvojbi sigurno nećete imati.

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Nedorasli primjerci zubaca krunaša
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OSOBNA KARTA

Zubatac krunaš pripada obitelji ljuskavki (Sparidae) i može narasti do 1,20 metara dužine i dosegnuti 24 kilograma težine.

S leđne strane je crvenkastosmeđkaste boje s nepravilno raspoređenim crnkastim mrljicama.

Prema trbušnoj je strani blijeđi, a na samom trbuhu srebrno-bijel s ružičastim odsjajem.

Tijelo je izduženo i bočno stisnuto s krupnije građenim prednjim dijelom.

Glava je u odnosu na tijelo velika, dok su čeljusti s krupnim očnjacima izrazito jake.

Ima dobro razvijene peraje, a krljušt krupnu i pravilno raspoređenu.

Bočna je linija vidljiva cijelom dužinom.

Obitava od dvadesetak pa sve do 200 metara dubine.

Hrani se ribama i rakovima i glavonošcima, a lovi kančanicom, teškom panulom i parangalima.

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Donji krak repne peraje kod zubaca krunaša je plavičasto-bijele boje
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Doznajte sve o ribolovnim tehnikama, ribolovnoj opremi i priboru. Što je spinning, a što sabiki i tataki? Kako loviti mušičarenjem, kako panulom, a kako kančanicom? Koje varalice, lignjariće i peškafonda odabrati i kako nabaviti i ispravno staviti mamac za ribolov na udicu? Sve to doznajte na portalu Otvoreno more. 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Iako je riječ o vrsti koju je znanost odavno smjestila u tablice kao zasebnu vrstu i dala joj ime zubatac krunaš Dentex Cheimerius gibbosus, Rafinesque, 1810., mnogi ribolovci i dalje imaju problema s prepoznavanjem ove vrste.

Osnovni razlog zbunjenosti koju izaziva je u fizičkom izgledu koji se tijekom sazrijevanja ribe drastično mijenja, zbog čega u mnogim krajevima ima različita imena, sve u zavisnosti od razvojnog stadija u kojem je ulovljena.

Tako tu ribu nazivaju divlji pagar, pagar krunaš, pagar barjaktar, arbun perjaš, zubatac perjaš, perjaš, ama, pa i hama, čime se unosi dodatna zbrka zbog hrvatskog naziva vrste Argyrosomus regius, Asso, 1801.

Posebnu zbrku unosi i takozvana prepisivačka stručna literatura koje srećom ipak nema previše, a koja u priču uvlači i pagra barjaktara.

Riječ je o vrsti Pagrus caeruleostictus , Valenciennes, 1830. koja nastanjuje južni Mediteran, dok je istočnoj obali Jadrana najbliži zabilježeni ulov ove vrste ostvaren na jugu Albanije i to samo jednom

Osim što zubaca krunaša naziva pagrom barjaktarom, takva literatura navodi i da u našem moru postoje dvije vrste pagra – običan pagar i pagar barjaktar, što je naravno, pogrešno.

Mužjaci s krunom

A zbrke uistinu ne bi trebalo biti jer je naprosto riječ o jasno odvojenoj vrsti koju niz fizičkih obilježja odvaja od samo naizgled sličnih vrsta.

Dakle, zubatac krunaš u svojoj juvenilnoj, nedorasloj razvojnoj fazi ima produljene prve šipčice leđne peraje, točnije treću i četvrtu.

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Produžene šipčice leđne peraje su jasno uočljive kod mladih primjeraka
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Te su šipčice izrazito duge, često duže od polovice ukupne duljine tijela.

Tako nedorasli krunaši obitavaju uglavnom u dubokim uvalama s muljevitim dnom koje imaju manje više konstantan priliv slatke vode.

Takva lokacija zapravo i nije toliko njihov izbor koliko posljedica inercije i povoljnih hranidbenih uvjeta.

Naime, odrasli zubaci krunaši za mrijest biraju upravo takva mjesta na kojima se podmladak dugo zadržava, sve dok se postepeno ne spuste na dubinu preko 50 metara gdje provode ostatak svog života.

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Dubinski parangali znaju biti vrlo produktivni u lovu zubaca krunaša
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Obali će prilaziti samo u doba mrijesta krajem ljeta i početkom jeseni, i to rijetko kada pliće od tridesetak metara, dok vrijeme uglavnom provode uz strmine, pećine, olupine kao i uz duboke brakove gdje pronalaze hranu i zaklon.

Zanimljivo je da se vrijeme mrijesta zubaca krunaša poklapa s vremenom jematve, berbe grožđa što je zapravo posljedica klimatski povoljnih uvjeta.

Nedorasli krunaši u dobi od 3,5 do 4 godine života, kada u prosjeku dosegnu šezdesetak centimetara dužine i težinu od 3 do 4 kilograma postaju spolno zreli.

Do tog vremena su rudimentarni hermafroditi, što znači da imaju obilježja oba spola, i ovarije i testise, ali nefunkcionalne.

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Odrasla ženka krunaša
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U tom razdoblju sazrijevanja gube produljene šipčice leđne peraje i odlučuju što će biti, mužjaci ili ženke.

Mužjaci s nekih 4 do 5 kilograma težine dobijaju karakterističnu grbu na čelu, takozvanu krunu po kojoj je vrsta i dobila ime, dok ženke ostaju bez tog ukrasa ili pak sa slabo, jedva naznačenom izbočinom.

Još nekoliko razlika

Osim osnovnog fizičkog izgleda koji jasno upućuje da je riječ o zasebnoj vrsti, zubaca krunaša sa sigurnošću možemo razlikovati od srodnih vrsta i u juvenilnom stadiju po nekoliko karakterističnih fizičkih obilježja.

Zubi su prvi detalj po kojem je jasno da nikako ne može biti riječ o pagru.

Naime, pagar ima i očnjake za lov poput zubaca i kutnjake za drobljenje poput podlanice, dok krunaš ima isključivo očnjake i stožaste karnivorne zube poput zubaca.

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U ustima krunaša nema pločastih zuba za drobljenje
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Pločastih zuba poput onih u podlanice u ustima zubaca krunaša nema.

Nadalje, repna peraja kod zubaca nema nikakvih bijelih tragova.

Kod pagra su oba vrha repne peraje plavičasto bjelkasta dok je kod zubaca krunaša plavičasto bjelkast samo vrh donjeg kraka repne peraje.

Pagar ima jasno omeđeno zatamnjenje s prednje strane glave, poput svojevrsne maske iznad očiju pa sve do usta, dok zubatac krunaš ima zatamnjenje isključivo na kraju škržnog zaklopca i samo djelomično iznad očiju.

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Pagar ima karakterističnu tamnu masku koju krunaš nema
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Uz sve navedene očite razlike, zapravo je teško krunaša proglasiti bilo kojom drugom vrstom, kako u juvenilnom tako i u odraslom stadiju.

A kad ulovite ribu od pedlja i pritom dvojite, je li arbun, pagar, krunaš ili zubatac, odmah je pustite u more.

Kada vam se za godinu dana vrati kao odrasla riba, takvih dvojbi sigurno nećete imati.

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Nedorasli primjerci zubaca krunaša
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OSOBNA KARTA

Zubatac krunaš pripada obitelji ljuskavki (Sparidae) i može narasti do 1,20 metara dužine i dosegnuti 24 kilograma težine.

S leđne strane je crvenkastosmeđkaste boje s nepravilno raspoređenim crnkastim mrljicama.

Prema trbušnoj je strani blijeđi, a na samom trbuhu srebrno-bijel s ružičastim odsjajem.

Tijelo je izduženo i bočno stisnuto s krupnije građenim prednjim dijelom.

Glava je u odnosu na tijelo velika, dok su čeljusti s krupnim očnjacima izrazito jake.

Ima dobro razvijene peraje, a krljušt krupnu i pravilno raspoređenu.

Bočna je linija vidljiva cijelom dužinom.

Obitava od dvadesetak pa sve do 200 metara dubine.

Hrani se ribama i rakovima i glavonošcima, a lovi kančanicom, teškom panulom i parangalima.

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Donji krak repne peraje kod zubaca krunaša je plavičasto-bijele boje
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Odrasli zubatac krunaš

Zubatac (Dentex Dentex, Linnaeus, 1758)

Pagar (Pagrus pagrus, Linnaeus, 1758.)

Arbun (Pagellus erythrinus, Linnaeus, 1758.)

Nedorasli zubatac krunaš

Pagar ima karakterističnu tamnu masku koju krunaš nema

Pagar ima oba vrha na krakovima repne peraje bijele boje

Odrasla ženka krunaša

Nedorasli primjerci zubaca krunaša

Krunaši se kao i zubaci mogu loviti na vertical jigging

U ustima krunaša nema pločastih zuba za drobljenje

Produžene šipčice leđne peraje su jasno uočljive kod mladih primjeraka

Donji krak repne peraje kod zubaca krunaša je plavičasto-bijele boje

Dubinski parangali znaju biti vrlo produktivni u lovu zubaca krunaša
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Ribolov

ZUBATAC KRUNAŠRiba koja se mijenja tijekom života i izaziva brojne zablude

Piše Boris Bulić
2. ožujka 2022. - 09:30
Odrasli zubatac krunaš
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Odrasli zubatac krunaš

Iako je riječ o vrsti koju je znanost odavno smjestila u tablice kao zasebnu vrstu i dala joj ime zubatac krunaš Dentex Cheimerius gibbosus, Rafinesque, 1810., mnogi ribolovci i dalje imaju problema s prepoznavanjem ove vrste.

Osnovni razlog zbunjenosti koju izaziva je u fizičkom izgledu koji se tijekom sazrijevanja ribe drastično mijenja, zbog čega u mnogim krajevima ima različita imena, sve u zavisnosti od razvojnog stadija u kojem je ulovljena.

Tako tu ribu nazivaju divlji pagar, pagar krunaš, pagar barjaktar, arbun perjaš, zubatac perjaš, perjaš, ama, pa i hama, čime se unosi dodatna zbrka zbog hrvatskog naziva vrste Argyrosomus regius, Asso, 1801.

Posebnu zbrku unosi i takozvana prepisivačka stručna literatura koje srećom ipak nema previše, a koja u priču uvlači i pagra bar...

#ZUBATAC KRUNAŠ#MAX FISHING#BORIS BULIĆ
16. svibanj 2024 20:12